Types of Adoption
Types of adoption refer to the level of openness and include open adoption, semi-open adoption, and closed adoption.
Adoption arrangements vary based on the level of openness and communication between birth parents and adoptive families. Understanding these different types of adoption can help individuals make informed decisions that best support the needs of the child and the preferences of all parties involved. The three primary types of adoption include open, semi-open, and closed. Each differ in how information is shared, how communication is maintained, and the extent of ongoing contact before and after placement. At Wyoming Children’s Society, the choice of the level of openness is always up to the birth mother.
Open Adoption
In an open adoption, the birth parents can decide the level of communication. It is a relationship between the birth family and the adoptive family. The relationship is built on mutual trust and respect and always honors the best interest of the child. Open adoption may involve sharing identifying information such as last names, phone numbers, place of residence, and email addresses. Letters and photos are shared directly between the parties. Visits can occur following placement as often as agreed upon by the adoptive parents and the birth parents. It is important that the expectations of each party be openly discussed prior to placement.
As a result, open adoption can provide a meaningful sense of connection and continuity for everyone involved. By maintaining communication and transparency, birth parents may feel reassured about their child’s well-being. While adoptive families can gain a deeper understanding of the child’s background and identity. Additionally, this openness can support a child’s emotional development by allowing them to grow up with honest information about their story. This reinforces a sense of belonging and security over time.
Semi-Open Adoption
In a semi-open adoption, the birth parents usually select the family by reviewing profiles of waiting families. Some identifying information is shared such as location, name, etc. Communication is facilitated through Wyoming Children’s Society. The adoptive family will send letters and photos to the agency and the agency will forward these on to the birth parents. Visits may occur after placement. However, visits may be facilitated by the agency. The major difference here for us is that the adoptive and birth families do not have direct contact with each other and all communication between parties goes through WCS.
In this way, a semi-open adoption offers a balanced approach between openness and privacy. By allowing communication to be managed through Wyoming Children’s Society, both birth parents and adoptive families can maintain appropriate boundaries while still sharing meaningful updates. Consequently, this structure can provide reassurance and ongoing connection. While also offering flexibility as needs and comfort levels evolve over time.
Closed Adoption
In a closed adoption, the birth parents may choose to select the adoptive family for their child or request that the agency select the family. Customarily, a closed adoption indicates that the birth parents do not wish to have visits or ongoing contact with the adoptive family prior to or after the baby is placed.
As a result, a closed adoption can offer a sense of privacy and emotional space for those who prefer limited or no ongoing contact. By minimizing communication and contact, some birth parents may feel better able to focus on their own healing. While adoptive families may appreciate the clarity and defined boundaries this type of adoption provides. Ultimately, this approach allows all parties to move forward in a way that aligns with their personal circumstances and comfort levels, while still prioritizing the well-being of the child.